Essay | Human Rights

The United Nations vision is a world where all human rights are fully respected and enjoyed under the conditions of global peace. The High Commissioner seeks to keep the forefront of this vision through continued encouragement for the international community and its Member States to support generally agreed human rights standards. Their task is to alert governments and the world community to the daily reality that these norms are too often ignored or overcome and that they are victims of human rights violations everywhere. Their task is also to press the international community to take action to prevent violations around the world.

What are human rights?

Human rights are so fundamental that those who have the good fortune to have them can take them for granted for clarity. We drink clean water; there is enough unpolluted food and access to good health care; can go to school, say or write what we think (within borders), we use our beliefs, safely earn a living and vote for a political party; and they expect others to treat them fairly.

However, all people in the world do not have these basic conditions fulfilled or protected. Nearly one third of the world's population lives in poverty without sufficient food, water, education and health care. Many people are discriminated against because of gender, race, religious beliefs or disability. Many people have unfair work, illegal detentions, persecution, torture and death because their governments are not protecting their rights.

The United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) in 1948 (48 members supported and eight abstentions). It outlines the rights of all people. The rights indicated in the notification can be grouped as follows:

Civil rights and political rights - rights that protect the individual's freedoms and participate in the community's decision-making process and in the rights of opinion, opinion and freedom of religion; economic, social and cultural rights - the minimum conditions (food, healthcare) that achieve the rights of the country's economic well-being (employment, education).

Human rights are considered to be universal, indivisible and fundamental to development and democracy. All people must have access to all rights to make the world a safe place.

How are human rights protected?

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights outlines the wishes of our writers to a more liberal and just world, but the signatories are not legally obliged to follow their recommendations. However, after its adoption, several legally binding conventions and protocols have been developed to improve human rights protection for all people. These include:

*Convention on the Status of Refugees (1954)
*Intentional Agreement on Civil and Political Rights (1966)
*International Convention on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966)
*Intentional Convention on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (1969)
*Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Discrimination Women (1981)
*Convention on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment (1984)
*Convention on the Rights of the Child (1990).

After signing one of these formal documents, the country has to develop laws for its formal commitment and report on its progress in implementing the relevant convention, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (or the High Representative of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to Refugees to the Convention on the Status of Refugees). commitment to the conventions and to respond to complaints from other countries and individuals. The results of these investigations may lead to recommendations or even sanctions.

Why do not everyone get their human rights?

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is an ambitious and complex document. All its implementation is a major challenge for all countries. Some rights may conflict with others. Some groups may need special attention to be able to achieve equality. Governments may feel the need to restrict the right to freedom of expression or peaceful assembly during instability and conflict. Offering a basis may be a problem when there are few resources. The rights of women and children may conflict with the cultural heritage.

How can we help protect human rights?

It is important that we learn from our rights and obligations and protect them so that we can guarantee the access of all people's rights. Until everyone can enjoy their rights to life, freedom and security, the world remains dangerous and unfair. We must learn the skills of active tolerance and compromise in order to overcome differences that are different and to promote intercultural communication and defense to provide for the rights and freedoms of disadvantaged or oppressed individuals and communities. This can mean by looking at our attitudes and behaviors so that our way of life does not restrict the rights of others.